SpringMVC：使用Restful完成简单的图书管理系统的增删改查

一.  Rest风格的API与传统API的区别

二.  添加依赖

本项目共需要以下依赖：

• commons-logging-1.2.jar

• druid-1.1.6.jar

• fastjson-1.2.47.jar

• jstl.jar

• mysql-connector-java-5.1.47.jar

• spring-aop-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-beans-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-context-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-core-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-expression-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-jdbc-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-tx-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-web-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• spring-webmvc-5.1.8.RELEASE.jar

• standard.jar

三.  Entity

Book：

package io.zhangjia.springmvc.entity;

public class Book {
    private Integer bookId;
    private String name;
    private String author;
    private Double price;

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Book{" +
                "bookId=" + bookId +
                ", name='" + name + '\'' +
                ", author='" + author + '\'' +
                ", price=" + price +
                '}';
    }

    public Integer getBookId() {
        return bookId;
    }

    public void setBookId(Integer bookId) {
        this.bookId = bookId;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public String getAuthor() {
        return author;
    }

    public void setAuthor(String author) {
        this.author = author;
    }

    public Double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }
}

四.  BookDao

package io.zhangjia.springmvc.dao;   
import io.zhangjia.springmvc.entity.Book;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookDao {
    int doInsert(Book book);
    int doDelete(Integer bookId);
    int doUpdate(Book book);
    List<Book> queryAll();
    Book queryById(Integer bookId);
}}

BookDaoImpl:

这里不再使用xml文件配置，而是使用注解的方式

package io.zhangjia.springmvc.dao.impl;

import io.zhangjia.springmvc.dao.BookDao;
import io.zhangjia.springmvc.entity.Book;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.BeanPropertyRowMapper;
import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

import java.util.List;

@Repository("bookDao")
public class BookDaoImpl implements BookDao {

    @Autowired
    private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate;

    @Override
    public int doInsert(Book book) {
        String sql = "INSERT INTO book (name, author, price) VALUES (?,?,?)";
        return jdbcTemplate.update(sql,book.getName(),book.getAuthor(),book.getPrice());
    }

    @Override
    public int doDelete(Integer bookId) {
        String sql = "DELETE FROM book WHERE book_id = ?";
        return jdbcTemplate.update(sql,bookId);
    }

    @Override
    public int doUpdate(Book book) {
        String sql = "UPDATE book SET name = ?, author = ?, price = ? WHERE book_id = ?";
        return jdbcTemplate.update(sql,book.getName(),book.getAuthor(),book.getPrice(),book.getBookId());
    }

    @Override
    public List<Book> queryAll() {
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM book";
        return jdbcTemplate.query(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Book.class));
    }

    @Override
    public Book queryById(Integer bookId) {
        String sql = "SELECT * FROM book WHERE book_id = ?";
        return jdbcTemplate.queryForObject(sql,new BeanPropertyRowMapper<>(Book.class),bookId);
    }
}

五.  Service

BookService :

package io.zhangjia.springmvc.service;

import io.zhangjia.springmvc.entity.Book;

import java.util.List;

public interface BookService {

    List<Book> books();

    Book getBook(Integer bookId);

    boolean saveOrUpdate(Book book);

    boolean delete(Integer id);

}

BookServiceImpl :

package io.zhangjia.springmvc.service.impl;

import io.zhangjia.springmvc.dao.BookDao;
import io.zhangjia.springmvc.entity.Book;
import io.zhangjia.springmvc.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;

@Service("bookService")
public class BookServiceImpl implements BookService {

    @Autowired
    private BookDao bookDao;

    @Override
    public List<Book> books() {
        return bookDao.queryAll();
    }

    @Override
    public Book getBook(Integer bookId) {
        return bookDao.queryById(bookId);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean saveOrUpdate(Book book) {
        int result = 0;
        if (book.getBookId() == null){
            //添加
            result = bookDao.doInsert(book);
        }else {
            //修改
            result = bookDao.doUpdate(book);
        }
        return result == 1;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean delete(Integer id) {
        return bookDao.doDelete(id) == 1;
    }
}

六.  Controller

BookController :

package io.zhangjia.springmvc.;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import io.zhangjia.springmvc.entity.Book;
import io.zhangjia.springmvc.service.BookService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;

@Controller
public class BookController {

    @Autowired
    private BookService bookService;

    @GetMapping("/books")
    public String books(Model model){
        List<Book> books = bookService.books();
        System.out.println(JSON.toJSONString(books));
        model.addAttribute("books",books);
        return "books";
    }

    @GetMapping("/book")
    public String addForm(){
        return "form";
    }

    @GetMapping("/book/{id}")
    public String editForm(@PathVariable Integer id, Model model){
        Book book = bookService.getBook(id);
        model.addAttribute("book",book);
        return "form";
    }

    @PostMapping(value = "/book",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    @ResponseBody
    public String save(Book book){
        boolean b = bookService.saveOrUpdate(book);
        return "{\"success\":"+b+"}";
    }

    @PutMapping(value = "/book",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    @ResponseBody
    public String update(Book book){
        System.out.println("put-book = " + book);
        boolean b = bookService.saveOrUpdate(book);
        return "{\"success\":"+b+"}";
    }

    @DeleteMapping(value = "/book/{id}",produces = "application/json;charset=utf-8")
    @ResponseBody
    public String delete(@PathVariable Integer id){
        boolean b = bookService.delete(id);
        return "{\"success\":"+b+"}";
    }

}

七.  spring-mvc.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>   
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"   
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"   
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"   
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context https://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">   

<!--配置扫描组件-->
<!--在XML中配置了这个标签后，spring可以自动扫描base-package下面或者子包下面的java文件，如果扫描有@Component @Service @Controller等这些注解的类，则把这些类注册为bean。
 https://www.cnblogs.com/vanl/p/5733655.html
 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="io.zhangjia.springmvc"/>  
 
<!--读取properties文件-->
<context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties"/> 


<!--配置视图解析器-->  
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">   
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/"/>   
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>   
</bean>


<!--静态资源的请求转由Web容器处理-->    
<mvc:default-servlet-handler/>   


<!--配置默认组件-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>  <!--如果不配置这个，那么静态资源可以访问，Controller无法访问-->

    
<!--配置数据库连接池-->  
<bean id="dataSource" class="com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource">   
<property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}"/> <!--    OGNL-->    
<property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}"/>   
<property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}"/>   
<property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}"/>   
</bean>   

<!--配置jdbcTemplate--> 
<bean id="jdbcTemplate" class="org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate">   
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>   
</bean>   
</beans>

八.  web.xml

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">
        <!--解決中文乱码-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>characterEncodingFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    
    <!--配置hiddenHttpMethodFilter-->
    <!--浏览器只支持Post和get的方式，想要实现delete和put的方式，需要使用过滤器HiddenHttpMethodFilter-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.HiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-class>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>hiddenHttpMethodFilter</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

    
    <!--配置请求分配器开始-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <!--配置SpringMVC配置文件的路径-->
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <!--在web容器启动时完成初始化-->
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

</web-app>

九.  JSP

books.jsp

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<c:set var="path" value="${pageContext.request.contextPath}"/>
<html>
<head>
    <title>图书列表</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="${path}/static/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="${path}/static/js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        function del(e) {
            var tr = $(e).parent().parent();
            var id = tr.children(":first").text();
            $.ajax({
                url:"${path}/book/"+id,
                type:"post",
                data:{
                    _method:"delete"
                },
                success:function (res) {
                    if(res.success){
                        //删除tr
                        tr.remove();
                    }else {
                        alert("失败");
                    }
                }
            });
        }
    </script>
</head>
<body class="container">
    <h1>图书列表</h1>
    <a href="${path}/book" class="btn btn-success mb-2">添加</a>
    <table class="table table-striped">
        <tr>
            <th>编号</th>
            <th>书名</th>
            <th>作者</th>
            <th>价格</th>
            <th>操作</th>
        </tr>
        <c:forEach items="${requestScope.books}" var="book">
            <tr>
                <td>${book.bookId}</td>
                <td>${book.name}</td>
                <td>${book.author}</td>
                <td>${book.price}</td>
                <td>
                    <a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" href="${path}/book/${book.bookId}">修改</a>
                    <a class="btn btn-sm btn-danger" href="javascript:void (0)" onclick="del(this)">删除</a>
                </td>
            </tr>
        </c:forEach>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

form.jsp:

<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<c:set var="path" value="${pageContext.request.contextPath}"/>
<html>
<head>
    <c:if test="${requestScope.book == null}">
        <title>添加图书</title>
    </c:if>
    <c:if test="${requestScope.book != null}">
        <title>修改图书</title>
    </c:if>
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="${path}/static/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>
    <script type="text/javascript" src="${path}/static/js/jquery-1.8.3.min.js"></script>
    <script type="text/javascript">
        $(function () {
            $(":submit").click(function () {
                var data = $("#book-form").serialize();
                $.ajax({
                    url:"${path}/book",
                    type:"post",
                    data:data,
                    success:function (res) {
                        if(res.success){
                            location = "${path}/books";
                        }else{
                            alert("失败");
                        }
                    }
                });
                return false;
            });
        });
    </script>
</head>
<body class="container">
    <c:if test="${requestScope.book == null}">
        <h1>添加图书</h1>
    </c:if>
    <c:if test="${requestScope.book != null}">
        <h1>修改图书</h1>
    </c:if>
    <form id="book-form" role="form" action="" method="post">
        <c:if test="${requestScope.book != null}">
            <input type="hidden" name="bookId" value="${requestScope.book.bookId}">
            <input type="hidden" name="_method" value="put">
        </c:if>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="name">名称</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="name" id="name" value="${requestScope.book.name}"
                   placeholder="请输入名称">
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="author">作者</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="author" value="${requestScope.book.author}"
                   id="author"
                   placeholder="请输入作者">
        </div>
        <div class="form-group">
            <label for="price">价格</label>
            <input type="text" class="form-control" name="price" id="price" value="${requestScope.book.price}"
                   placeholder="请输入价格">
        </div>
        <input class="btn btn-primary" type="submit" value="提交">
    </form>
</body>
</html>